{"id":4207,"date":"2010-02-09T14:37:43","date_gmt":"2010-02-09T12:37:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/genel\/altso-kisisel-egitim-seminerleri-basladi\/"},"modified":"2010-02-09T14:37:43","modified_gmt":"2010-02-09T12:37:43","slug":"altso-kisisel-egitim-seminerleri-basladi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/genel\/altso-kisisel-egitim-seminerleri-basladi\/","title":{"rendered":"ALTSO K\u0130\u015e\u0130SEL E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M SEM\u0130NERLER\u0130 BA\u015eLADI"},"content":{"rendered":"

KOB\u0130\u2019LER\u0130N DI\u015e T\u0130CARET FIRSATLARI ANLATILDI<\/strong> ALTSO\u2019 nun 2010 Y\u0131l\u0131 1. D\u00f6nem Ki\u015fisel Geli\u015fim Seminerleri,\u00a0 “Rekabet Ortam\u0131nda KOB\u0130 lere Y\u00f6nelik D\u0131\u015f Ticaret F\u0131rsatlar\u0131 Semineri<\/strong>” lle ba\u015flad\u0131. Seminere konu\u015fmac\u0131 olarak G\u00fcmr\u00fck M\u00fc\u015faviri \u0130rfan Ayan kat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

ALTSO taraf\u0131ndan, \u00fcyelerinin ki\u015fisel ve mesleki geli\u015fimlerine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131 ile d\u00fczenlenen e\u011fitim programlar\u0131n\u0131n ilkinde Uluslar aras\u0131 Ticaretin Tan\u0131m\u0131, Uluslar aras\u0131 Sat\u0131\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, D\u0131\u015f Ticarette Teslim \u015eekilleri, D\u0131\u015f Ticarette \u00d6deme \u015eekilleri, D\u0131\u015f Ticarette Kullan\u0131lan Belgeler, Al\u0131nmas\u0131 Gereken Sertifikalar ve \u0130zinler, D\u0131\u015f Ticaret G\u00fcmr\u00fck Mevzuat\u0131 ve Uygulamalar\u0131 ile Kambiyo Mevzuat\u0131 Uygulamalar\u0131 konu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ele al\u0131nd\u0131.
09 \u015eubat 2010 Sal\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc ALTSO Toplant\u0131 Salonu\u2019nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen seminerde konu\u015fan G\u00fcmr\u00fck M\u00fc\u015faviri \u0130rfan Ayan, \u201cUluslararas\u0131 ticaret, uluslararas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar ve b\u00f6lgeler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan mal ve hizmet ticaretidir\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan KOB\u0130\u2019lerin \u00fclkemde ve d\u00fcnyadaki yeri hakk\u0131nda k\u0131sa bir bilgi verdi. Ayan; \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fcme g\u00fcc\u00fcne ve iste\u011fine sahip, yenilik\u00e7i, uluslararas\u0131 alanda rekabet\u00e7i KOB\u0130\u2019ler, bug\u00fcn k\u00fcresel ekonominin en \u00f6nemli b\u00fcy\u00fcme motorlar\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Ekonomik kriz s\u0131ras\u0131nda, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketler \u00f6l\u00e7ek k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme programlar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken, KOB\u0130\u2019ler istihdam yaratabilen az say\u0131da firma aras\u0131nda yer almaya devam ediyor. KOB\u0130\u2019ler AB\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrk ekonomisinin de temel ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. AB rekabet\u00e7ilik yolunun KOB\u0130\u2019lerden ge\u00e7ti\u011fini biliyor. Bunun i\u00e7in giri\u015fimcili\u011fin te\u015fvik edilmesi ve uygun i\u015f ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. KOB\u0130\u2019ler, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye yak\u0131t sa\u011flamaktan, esneklik yaratmaya; T\u00fcrkiye ile Avrupa Birli\u011fi aras\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fc kurma hedefinden, istihdam\u0131n desteklenmesine kadar bir\u00e7ok alanda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol \u00fcstleniyor. \u201c dedi. Ayan; \u201cAvrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nde, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015fletmeler (KOB\u0130\u2019ler) 250 ki\u015finin alt\u0131nda insan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran, y\u0131ll\u0131k cirolar\u0131 50 milyon Euro\u2019nun \u00fczerinde olmayan (ve\/veya y\u0131ll\u0131k toplam bilan\u00e7olar\u0131 43 milyon Euro\u2019nun \u00fczerinde olmayan) firmalar olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131yor. Bu tan\u0131m do\u011frultusunda, AB genelindeki 23 milyon KOB\u0130 t\u00fcm \u015firketlerin y\u00fczde 99\u2019unu temsil ediyor ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 75 milyon ki\u015fiye istihdam sa\u011fl\u0131yor. AB genelinde KOB\u0130\u2019ler toplam istihdam\u0131n y\u00fczde 67\u2019sini olu\u015fturuyor. Bunun y\u00fczde 29\u2019unu mikro i\u015fletmeler, y\u00fczde 21\u2019ni k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015fletmeler, y\u00fczde 17\u2019sini ise orta boy i\u015fletmeler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor. Yeni i\u015f imkan\u0131 yaratmada KOB\u0130\u2019lerin pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 80 civar\u0131nda. \u00d6zellikle ekonomik kriz d\u00f6neminde istihdam kayb\u0131n\u0131n en az oldu\u011fu alan yine KOB\u0130\u2019lerdir\u201d dedi. \u201cD\u0131\u015f ticaret i\u015flemlerinde ters y\u00f6nl\u00fc iki ak\u0131m mevcut bulunmaktad\u0131r\u201d diyen Ayan;\u201d\u00d6rne\u011fin : \u0130hracat i\u015fleminde sat\u0131c\u0131, mal veya hizmeti s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u015fartlar\u0131na uygun olarak al\u0131c\u0131ya sunarken, al\u0131c\u0131 da mal veya hizmetin bedelini sat\u0131c\u0131ya \u00f6demektedir. D\u0131\u015f ticari ili\u015fkilerin ilk a\u015famas\u0131nda sat\u0131c\u0131 ile al\u0131c\u0131 aralar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ferek belli bir mal\u0131n (veya hizmetin) al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 hususunda niyetlerini ortaya koymaktad\u0131rlar. Her iki taraf aras\u0131nda bir anla\u015fmaya ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile; sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fme konusu mal\u0131 haz\u0131rlay\u0131p sevk etmesi ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6demenin ne \u015fekilde yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, rizikolar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak nas\u0131l payla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 muhtemel bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesinde izlenecek usul ve esaslar\u0131n belirlenmesi hususlar\u0131n\u0131n kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur\u201d dedi. Ayan: \u201cDeniza\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 devirlerde, milli hukuk d\u00fczeyinde bu kabil sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00f6zellikle mallar\u0131n denizyolu ile ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca sigortalanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen al\u0131c\u0131, sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine bu hususlar\u0131n dahil edilmesini sat\u0131c\u0131dan talep ederdi. Bu durum, taraflar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015fa ili\u015fkin ve aralar\u0131ndaki hukuki ili\u015fkiye uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 istedikleri bir \u00e7ok hususun (\u00f6rne\u011fin: masraflar\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, mallara ve ta\u015f\u0131maya ait belgelerin tanzimi, sigorta, vb.) sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar, her bir parti mal veya sat\u0131\u015f ili\u015fkisi i\u00e7in ve her bir taraf\u0131n istemlerine g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenen “bireysel (tekil) s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler”dir. Bu t\u00fcr s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, taraflar\u0131n uygun ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 irade a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131yla icap (veya icaba davet) ve kabul (veya kar\u015f\u0131 icap a\u015famalar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erek d\u00fczenlenir (BK,1). G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de taraflar ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015fekillendirdikleri “bireysel s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri” kullanmaya veya muhtelif milli veya uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flarca d\u00fczenlenen “tip s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler”e aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131klar i\u00e7eren h\u00fck\u00fcmler ekleyerek “bireysel s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler” yapmaya devam etmektedirler. \u00dclkelerde seri \u00fcretimlerin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131ma alan\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmeler uluslararas\u0131 sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 t\u00fcr mal alan veya satan taraflar\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler i\u00e7eren “bireysel s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler” yerine “tip s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler” yapmaya y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece, al\u0131c\u0131 ve sat\u0131c\u0131lar, \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlanan tipik kay\u0131tlara (\u00f6rne\u011fin: teslim ve \u00f6deme \u015fekilleri, y\u00fckleme, standart ve kalite kontrol\u00fc, uygulanacak hukuk, yetkili mahkeme veya tahkim \u015fart\u0131, m\u00fclkiyeti muhafaza kayd\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden caymaya, sorumlulu\u011fun s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, vb.), “genel i\u015flem \u015fartlar\u0131”, bu t\u00fcr s\u00f6zle\u015fmelere de “tip veya form\u00fcler s\u00f6zle\u015fme” ad\u0131 verilmektedir. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde, taraflar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 pazarl\u0131klar\u0131na ve uzun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerine yer olmay\u0131p, taraflar\u0131n “miktar, fiyat, teslim yeri ve zaman\u0131” konular\u0131nda anla\u015fmalar\u0131 yeterlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, di\u011fer hususlar ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak “genel i\u015flem \u015fartlar\u0131” ile d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, 19’uncu y\u00fczy\u0131ldan buyana ayn\u0131 alanda veya konuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tacirlerin olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 birlikler, meslek kurulu\u015flar\u0131 veya odalar yeknesak kurallar ve tip s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015flerdir. Bug\u00fcn, bu kurulu\u015flarca tar\u0131msal ve hayvansal \u00fcr\u00fcnler (\u015feker, pamuk, baharat, tekstil, kau\u00e7uk, vb.) ve muhtelif metaller, vb. konularda haz\u0131rlanan ve taraflar\u0131n istifadesine sunulan \u00e7ok say\u0131da “tip s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler” mevcuttur. T\u00fcrk hukukunda tip s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler ve genel i\u015flem \u015fartlar\u0131, halihaz\u0131rda, yasal olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f de\u011fildir\u201d dedi. D\u0131\u015f Ticarette kullan\u0131lan \u00f6deme \u015fekillerine de de\u011finen Ayan: \u201cAkreditifli \u00d6deme, Vesaik Mukabili \u00d6deme, Mal Mukabili \u00d6deme ve Pe\u015fin \u00d6deme konular\u0131nda da kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 bilgilendirdi. \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

KOB\u0130\u2019LER\u0130N DI\u015e T\u0130CARET FIRSATLARI ANLATILDI ALTSO\u2019 nun 2010 Y\u0131l\u0131 1. D\u00f6nem Ki\u015fisel Geli\u015fim Seminerleri,\u00a0 “Rekabet Ortam\u0131nda KOB\u0130 lere Y\u00f6nelik D\u0131\u015f Ticaret F\u0131rsatlar\u0131 Semineri” lle ba\u015flad\u0131. Seminere konu\u015fmac\u0131 olarak G\u00fcmr\u00fck M\u00fc\u015faviri \u0130rfan Ayan kat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4212,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4207","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4207","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4207"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4207\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4207"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4207"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.altso.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4207"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}